How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

AI can help protein engineers optimize the transcription enzymes used to make mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics, say the authors of a new study.

During transcription, the genetic information stored in a gene's DNA sequence is copied into a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA), which then carries the information out of the nucleus and into the ...

When the molecular machinery in our cells gets to work transcribing the genetic information encoded in DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA), it pauses shortly after starting. Known as promoter-proximal ...

From vaccines and diagnostics to emerging gene-based therapies, RNA molecules are now central to modern medicine. But as ...

The discovery of chemical modifications to overcome mRNA’s instability and immunotoxicity have enabled mRNA therapeutics to evolve dramatically, reaching clinical trials and the forefront of modern ...

RNA Polymerase (shown in blue) moves across a template strand of DNA (shown in purple) and transcribes it into RNA (shown in red). But DNA damage blocks the RNA polymerase, causing it to stall and ...

As animals and people age, there are changes in the genome. Telomeres, the protective ends of chromosomes, get shorter as cells continue to divide; some cells will pick up mutations in their genomes ...

Some genetic mutations that are expected to completely stop a gene from working surprisingly cause only mild or even no symptoms. Researchers in previous studies have discovered one reason why: cells ...