Collectively, these studies underscore the global significance of interval-valued data analysis in addressing modern challenges of uncertainty and complexity in big data.

The bull/bear ratio is a market-sentiment indicator that polls the the views of professional market participants on a weekly basis.

The proposed estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal, and its asymptotic variance can be obtained. In addition, we propose a method for estimating the incremental ...

In biomedical studies, ordered bivariate survival data are frequently encountered when bivariate failure events are used as outcomes to identify the progression of a disease. In cancer studies, ...