Introduction Posterior tympanotomy through facial recess (FR) is the conventional and most preferred approach to facilitate cochlear implantation, especially when the electrode is inserted through the ...

Clinically, achondroplasia presents with a wide range of skeletal abnormalities, classically a disproportionately short stature with rhizomelic shortening of the limbs. The skull and spinal column ...

The human skull has many components. In fact, in an average adult human, the skull combines 22 bones. One of these bones is the mandible, more commonly known as the lower jaw. Recognized as one of the ...

A patent foramen ovale is an opening that some adults have between the top two chambers of their hearts. Everyone has this opening early in life, but it often seals during infancy. In some people, ...

To study the relationship between the stylomastoid foramen and surrounding bony structures, enrich anatomical data and provide reference for clinical surgery. There were four shapes of stylomastoid ...

People may receive transforaminal epidural steroid injections to relieve pain for several conditions that affect the back, arms, legs, or neck. People with conditions including sciatica, herniated ...

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a hole in the heart that doesn’t close as expected after birth. Before a baby is born, they have a hole between the left and right sides of their heart. This hole, ...

Introduction The surgical management that achieves minimal morbidity and mortality for patients with glomus and non-glomus tumors involving the jugular foramen (JF) region requires a comprehensive ...

Imaging aided in the diagnosis of a 12-year-old boy in Texas who experienced a seizure after an orthodontic wire from his braces migrated into his temporal lobe. The case report was published July 29 ...

The facial nerve emerges out of skull through the stylomastoid foramen located between styloid process and mastoid process. Unilateral paralysis of facial nerve is known as Bell's palsy and is ...

The stylomastoid artery enters the aqueduct of Fallopius (aqueductus Fallopii) through the stylomastoid foramen and runs along the facial nerve. The artery branches out along the chorda tympani, which ...