States are drafting fiscal year (FY) 2027 budgets in a far tougher economic environment than just a few years ago. After a post‑pandemic revenue surge, growth has slowed sharply and federal policy ...

The Tax Policy Center regularly produces tables showing the distribution of income and federal taxes, effective and marginal tax rates, and other measures of federal taxes. Other tables show estimates ...

In the aftermath of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, federal policymakers can and should turn their focus to the long-term budget shortfall facing the federal government. On October 20, the ...

Several provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) affecting individual income taxes are set to expire after 2025. Key among these expiring provisions are changes to the child tax credit ...

States rely heavily on gas taxes to pay for transportation construction and maintenance costs. In 2021, state motor fuel taxes generated about $50 billion in revenue. State and local motor fuel tax ...

Among OECD member countries, the United States is on the low end of taxes collected at all government levels—federal, state, and local—as a share of total economic activity or gross domestic product ...

Total state government tax revenue collections rose 3.0 percent in nominal terms and 0.6 percent in real terms in the first quarter of 2024 relative to a year earlier Key tax revenue sources showed ...

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARP) temporarily expanded the so-called “childless” EITC, or the earned income tax credit for workers without children at home. The maximum credit for these ...

Fines and fees can impose heavy burdens on those who come into contact with the criminal legal system. Using nationally representative data from the Urban Institute’s 2023 Well-Being and Basic Needs ...

This paper summarizes major individual and corporate tax provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), traces its origins, and compares its changes to previous tax changes. We examine its ...

This report provides an overview of interactions between the federal individual income tax system and racial and ethnic disparities in the United States. The tax code may appear to be “race blind” ...

Understanding how capital gains realizations respond to changes in capital gains tax rates is critical for understanding the potential revenue effects of these changes. A frequently relied on estimate ...